如何支持簡報論點|EF ENGLISH LIVE部落格


簡報時,許多講者都會提出陳述的論點(statement),卻沒有提供充分的例子(examples)與理由(reasons)來支持所陳述的東西,如此一來聽眾便無法得到足夠或具體的資訊、甚至被說服。

簡報時,你可以利用例子與理由來支持自己的論點。提供例子與理由時通常有兩個選擇,一個是提供短的例子與理由(brief examples and reasons),一個是提供長的例子與理由 (extended examples and reasons)。其中短的例子與理由通常包含在一句話中,例如下列句子中劃底線處即為短的例子與理由:

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(例子)

Warm paint colors, like yellow or pink, can give your home a cozy feeling.

溫暖的油漆顏色,例如黃色或粉紅色,可以給您的家舒適的感覺。

(理由)

I refuse to work with Ben, because he is lazy, irresponsible, and never on time.

我拒絕跟Ben一起工作,因為他懶惰、不負責任,而且從來不準時。

長的例子與理由通常需要另外用一句或幾句話才能說完,例如以下段落中劃底線處即為長的例子與理由:

(例子)

When going to a job interview, it is important to wear your best outfit. For example, you should wear a suit made from the same cloth that consists of at least a jacket and trousers. You should also wear a tie with simple patterns and bright colors. Also, your shoes should coordinate in color and style with your clothing. Don’t wear brand new shoes, extreme styles or casual footwear.

工作面試時,穿上你最好的服裝很重要。例如,你應該穿由相同一塊布料製成的一套西裝,至少包含一件外套和一件褲子。你還應該戴一條圖案簡單和色彩鮮豔的領帶。此外,你鞋子的色彩和風格應該要與你的衣服協調。不要穿全新、風格極端和休閒的鞋子。

(理由)

Our product launch was a success. To start with, the turnout was great, not to mention the venue was incredibly beautiful. On top of that, our brand spokesperson did a great job promoting the product.

我們的產品發表會很成功。首先,出席率好到令人難以置信,更不用說場地美到不行。除此之外,我們的品牌代言人也使出了全力推銷產品。

提供例子常見的用語包含:for example(舉例來說)、for instance(舉例來說)、nclude(包含)、such as(例如)、like(像是)。以下句子中劃底線處即為提供例子的用語:

The best time of year to buy an air conditioner is in the off-season, for example, spring and fall.

一年中購買空調的最佳時機是在淡季,例如春季和秋季。

The Bible Belt states, Oklahoma and Kansas for instance, are usually more religious and conservative.

「聖經帶州」,例如奧克拉荷馬州和堪薩斯州,通常比較篤信宗教和保守。

There are many kinds of pet grooming services, including shampooing, blow drying, styling, ear cleaning, and paw hair shaving.

寵物美容服務包括許多項目,例如洗髮、吹乾、造型、清耳朵、剃爪毛等。

Products made of rice, such as rice crackers, rice noodles, rice milk, and rice vinegar, are very popular in Europe now.

米製成的產品,例如米餅乾、米粉、米奶糊和米醋,目前在歐洲都很受歡迎。

Tax haven regions, like Bahrain, Guam, and Panama, have low tax rates to attract foreign capital.

避稅天堂地區,像是巴林、關島和巴拿馬,都擁有低稅率以吸引外資。

提供理由常見的用語包含:because/because of(因為)、due to(由於)、owing to(由於)、for the reason of(因為…的理由)等。以下句子中劃底線處即為提供理由的用語:

We chose Spring Villa for our retreat venue because of its location, facilities and service.

我們選擇春天別墅當作旅遊的去處,是因為它的地點、設施和服務。

The market growth in Asia in recent years is mostly due to the region’s fast population growth.

亞洲市場近年來的增長主要是由於該地區快速成長的人口。

Owing to the recession, we have no choice but to cut back on our staff.

由於經濟衰退,我們沒有選擇,只能削減員工。

He dropped out of school for the reasons of personal health and financial difficulties.

他出於個人健康和經濟困難的理由而輟學。